1.10 Other symbols and expressions

• #: number of.
• \(\forall\): for all.
• \(\sim\): has distribution.
• \(\approx\): approximately.
• \(\pm\)/\(\mp\): plus or minus/minus or plus.
• \(\bigtriangleup\): end of Theorem.
• i.e.: id est, Latin expression meaning ‘that is’.
• e.g.: exempli gratia, Latin expression meaning ‘for example’.
• et al.: et alia, Latin expression meaning ‘and others’ in the neutral plural form, used when a work has more than three authors.

1.10.1 Greek alphabet

Uppercase	Lowercase	Name	Uppercase	Lowercase	Name
\(A\)	\(\alpha\)	Alpha	\(N\)	\(\nu\)	Nü
\(B\)	\(\beta\)	Beta	\(\Xi\)	\(\xi\)	Csi
\(\Gamma\)	\(\gamma\)	Gamma	\(O\)	\(o\)	Omicron
\(\Delta\)	\(\delta\)	Delta	\(\Pi\)	\(\pi\), \(\varpi\)	Pi
\(E\)	\(\epsilon\), \(\varepsilon\)	Epsilon	\(P\)	\(\rho\), \(\varrho\)	Rho
\(Z\)	\(\zeta\)	Zeta	\(\Sigma\)	\(\sigma\), \(\varsigma\)	Sigma
\(H\)	\(\eta\)	Eta	\(T\)	\(\tau\)	Tau
\(\Theta\)	\(\theta\), \(\vartheta\)	Theta	\(\Upsilon\)	\(\upsilon\)	Upsilon
\(I\)	\(\iota\)	Iota	\(\Phi\)	\(\phi\), \(\varphi\)	Phi
\(K\)	\(\kappa\), \(\varkappa\)	Kappa	\(X\)	\(\chi\)	Chi
\(\Lambda\)	\(\lambda\)	Lambda	\(\Psi\)	\(\psi\)	Psi
\(M\)	\(\mu\)	Mü	\(\Omega\)	\(\omega\)	Omega