1.9 Other symbols and expressions

• \(\sim\): has distribution.
• \(\approx\): approximately.
• #: number of.
• \(\pm\)/\(\mp\): plus or minus/minus or plus.
• \(\bigtriangleup\): end of Theorem.
• i.e.: id est, Latin expression meaning ‘that is’.
• e.g.: exempli gratia, Latin expression meaning ‘for example’.

1.9.1 Greek alphabet

Uppercase	Lowercase	Name	Uppercase	Lowercase	Name
\(A\)	\(\alpha\)	Alpha	\(N\)	\(\nu\)	Nü
\(B\)	\(\beta\)	Beta	\(\Xi\)	\(\xi\)	Csi
\(\Gamma\)	\(\gamma\)	Gamma	\(O\)	\(o\)	Omicron
\(\Delta\)	\(\delta\)	Delta	\(\Pi\)	\(\pi\), \(\varpi\)	Pi
\(E\)	\(\epsilon\), \(\varepsilon\)	Epsilon	\(P\)	\(\rho\), \(\varrho\)	Rho
\(Z\)	\(\zeta\)	Zeta	\(\Sigma\)	\(\sigma\), \(\varsigma\)	Sigma
\(H\)	\(\eta\)	Eta	\(T\)	\(\tau\)	Tau
\(\Theta\)	\(\theta\), \(\vartheta\)	Theta	\(\Upsilon\)	\(\upsilon\)	Upsilon
\(I\)	\(\iota\)	Iota	\(\Phi\)	\(\phi\), \(\varphi\)	Phi
\(K\)	\(\kappa\), \(\varkappa\)	Kappa	\(X\)	\(\chi\)	Chi
\(\Lambda\)	\(\lambda\)	Lambda	\(\Psi\)	\(\psi\)	Psi
\(M\)	\(\mu\)	Mü	\(\Omega\)	\(\omega\)	Omega

In rmarkdown.

| Uppercase | Lowercase                 | Name    | Uppercase  | Lowercase             | Name    |
|:---------:|:-------------------------:|:--------|:----------:|:---------------------:|:--------|
| $A$       | $\alpha$                  | Alpha   | $N$        | $\nu$                 | Nü      |
| $B$       | $\beta$                   | Beta    | $\Xi$      | $\xi$                 | Csi     |
| $\Gamma$  | $\gamma$                  | Gamma   | $O$        | $o$                   | Omicron |
| $\Delta$  | $\delta$                  | Delta   | $\Pi$      | $\pi$, $\varpi$       | Pi      |
| $E$       | $\epsilon$, $\varepsilon$ | Epsilon | $P$        | $\rho$, $\varrho$     | Rho     |
| $Z$       | $\zeta$                   | Zeta    | $\Sigma$   | $\sigma$, $\varsigma$ | Sigma   |
| $H$       | $\eta$                    | Eta     | $T$        | $\tau$                | Tau     |
| $\Theta$  | $\theta$, $\vartheta$     | Theta   | $\Upsilon$ | $\upsilon$            | Upsilon |
| $I$       | $\iota$                   | Iota    | $\Phi$     | $\phi$, $\varphi$     | Phi     |
| $K$       | $\kappa$, $\varkappa$     | Kappa   | $X$        | $\chi$                | Chi     |
| $\Lambda$ | $\lambda$                 | Lambda  | $\Psi$     | $\psi$                | Psi     |
| $M$       | $\mu$                     | Mü      | $\Omega$   | $\omega$              | Omega   |